Ground anchorage for upright structures



Nov. 30 1926.

A. w. MALONE v I GROUND ANCHORAGE- FOR u RIGHTsTabcTufiEs f5 Sheets-Shee't Filed Oct 5 1923 R O T N E V N s s E N 1 T :w

flay/ M av ms ATTORNEY W M I Nov. 30,1926. 1,609,260

A. W. M ALONE j GROUND ANCHORAGE FOR UPRIGHT STRUCTURES Filed OGC- 5, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 wrm :ss INVENTOR.

BY ms ATTORNEYS jMA MW Nov. 39 1-926,

A. W. MALONE GROUND ANCHORAGE FOR UPRIGHT STRUCTURES iled Oct. 3, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 R O T N E V N WITNESS BY HIS A TTORNPKS an extention to the leg.

Pate ted Not. so, rare.

aeeaaee .ADOLPH W. MALONE, OF'SPEINGDALE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGFJOB T0 BLAW-KNOX C0M1ANY,OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA A CORPORATIQN QE NEW J ERSEY.

enchan enouonaea ron urnren'r sraucanines.

Application filed October 3,

My invention relates to ground anchorages for transmission towers such as used on electric power lines, and other upright structures in which there are high compressive loads as-well as tension strains. The i;jnvention will be' described with particular' reference to transmission towers for powerlines made up of angle iron construction.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an anchorage which may be secured directly to the tower legs so that the tower. proper is anchored Without the use of a subbase or grillage such as is used with many anchorage schemes now in use.

Another object'is' to provide an anchorage whichmay be secured to the tower legs in such a. manner as to take the compressive and tension stresses as though constituting Still another object is to provide an anchor' member which has the requisite strength yet permits'the employment of a anchorage shown in cross section.

relatively small hole and allows readyflin troduction of a. cooperating cementitious anchoring means. V

Still another object is to provide a simple, inexpensive, but eflt'ective, anchorage member for use in groundanchorages. Y In general, my invention affords the further advantage that commercial cross-sections, including those of angular character (angle, channel, etc.), can be used in the anchorages, as well as for the tower legs themselves above ground. Hollow shapes of this character afford free passage for concrete. 1

How these and other advantages can be realized in a novel manner through my present invention will appear from my description hereinafter of the best embodiment of'the invention known to me.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is anelevationoi' atypical power transmission tower with the Fig. 2 is a plan section takenon the'lino 2-2 of Fig. 1. l I Fig. 3 is an enlarged section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1 showing my improved anchorage as applied to a tower leg.

Fig, 4 1s a diagrammatic plan section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 5, showing a construction in which two anchorages are used for each leg of the tower.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

1923, Serial e. seems.-

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view showing a' modified form of connection between the anchorage and tower leg.

Fig.7 is a section taken on of Fig. 6. v a 1 Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic plan sectiontaken on the line 88 of Fig. 9 showing-a construction in which three anchorages are used for each'leg of. the tower. H Fig. 9 is an enlarged section taken on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a detailed View of one of the anchorage members and Fig. 11 is a section taken on the line l1-11 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrative of how the bending and crimping of the anchor member 10 makes possible the use of a small drilled hole. Referring to the drawings A-is a power transmission tower, the direction of the power line being as indicated by the arrow 8, in Fig. 2. The tower as here shown is provided withfour legs 7, each of which has bolted or'otherwise secured thereto at the int 9, an anchorage member 10, which is embedded in a concrete filling 11, in the hole 12. Itis to be observed that the particular construction of the anchorage member 10 the line 7 7 I makes possible. the drilling of a hole relatively small in diameter as compared with the ,size of holes employed for. anchorages strains which exist in this class of service.

Referring particularly to Figs. 10, 11 and 12 it will be seen that the anchorage member 10 is of angular cross section. having its lower portion 14 crimped or deformed, its upper portion provided with holes for securing it to the tower and its intermediate portion formed dr bent into a substantially V-shaped cross section 15. By thus slightly closing in the sides of the angle member it is possible to employ a smaller hole than otherwise, for an anchor member of a given cross-sectional of, such small size that drills may be employed the loss of strength which would occur by cutting the serrations in the member. The open side'of the member 10 allows free flow of the concrete to the ball and insures proper encasement thereof in theflconcrete while the crimped portio'ri insures a firm hold. In

some cases it may be desirable to use anchor age members of plain angle construction or angles having projecting lugs fastened thereto for gripping in the concrete. v

The usual procedure for anchoring a tower as shown in Fig-'1 is to drill the holes (one for each leg) in the ground in proper relation to the dimensions. of the tower and then to centralize the anchorage member 10 in the concrete fill. After the concrete has set, the

tower proper may be secured directly to the members 10 without the use of an auxiliary structure such as a foundation or grillage.

To meet the requirements in some installations where large towers are used it may be desirable to provide more than one anchorage member for eachleg of the tower.

in order to get sufficient footing. Figs. 4'to 9 inclusive show several methods of roviding the necessary extra footin In l igs. 4 and 5 two anchorage members 10 are shown which may be riveted or otherwise secured to each leg by means of splice pieces 16 and are disposed at an angle to the direction of v the power line when viewed from the top.

The splice-pieces 16 are shaped to position the members 10 with respect to the legs 7 so that the line of the leg fallswithin the members whereby the strains are distributed equally to said members. This is also true in cases where three or moreanchorage members 10.are employed as shown in Figs. 8

and 9. It is to be observed that in such cases not one of the members is likely to fall in direct line with the line of the leg which falls within the group of members so that the group asa whole provides support in much the same way as a. single anchorage of lar er size.

igs. 6 and 7 show the manner of splicing the anchorage members 10 to the legs of the tower when they are positioned iu-a line parallel to the direction of the power line. The splice consists of a plate 17 fastened to the leg to which the members 10 are secured as iv7ell as to the angles 18 carried by the plate VVhile I have described and illustrated my 'invention with particular reference to power transmission towers it is to be. understood that it is equally applicable to various other structures in which ground anchorages having the advantages pointed out are desirable.

What I claim is:

1. A ground anchorage comprising in combination a cementitious filling in a hole ofnarrow throat and bulged bottom, and an anchor member of substantially V cross section embedded therein and having itslower portion crimped to form inwardly-extending V-shaped angles and resultant serrated edges for gripping engagement with the filling.

2. In a ground anchorage, an anchor member of angular cross section having a portion of each leg of, the angle bent inwards so that the member may be inserted in a.

relatively small hole and having the lower I part of such bent portions crimped inwardly so as to form serrated edges and V-shaped indentations, and a bulbous hole of greatly restricted cross section for a large part of its depth and substantially bulged at the bottom filled with a cementitious material, said member being embedded in. said material with the crimped portion in the bulged 5 portion of the hole.

3. In ground anchorages for upright structures, an anchor member having a portion at the upper end thereof adapted to engage the structure to be anchored, and a portion at the lower end thereof of substantially V cross section with its edges crimped inwardly, and the intermediate portion thereof of substantially V angleconstruction. Q

4. A ground anchorage comprising a bulging cementitious filling in a holeof small diameter relative to its depth and havmember of angular cross section embedded ing a bulged bottom portion, and an anchor in said filling, said member having its lower end extending'substantially to the bottom of the bulged portion of the hole and having its edges crimped inwardly, in that part of its length located in the bulge, for anchoringcngagement with said filling.

5. In combination with a tower having metallic legs, anchorage means including a number of metallic members each imbedded in a ccn'ientitious mass anchored in the earth, and means for connecting said members to the tower legs and to each other so that the apex of their axes falls on the axis of the leg substantially at the point of connection.

6. An anchor member for a metallic tower leg, comprising, in combination a bulbous concrete footing cast in place in a cavity several feet below the surface of the ground. a metallic angle member, with one end em bedded in said bulbous footing and the other provided with connections for securing it top. tower leg so as to form anextension of said leg, said member having the flanges of the angle crimped inwardly only in that portion of its length embedded in the footing, and a concrete protective covering for the uncrimped portion of the angle member extending from the bulbous footing to a point above the surface of the ground, said footing and covering being integral.

7. As an article of manufacture, an anchoring extension to a structural steel tower leg, comprising-a structural angle iron of suflicient length to extend from the base of the tower leg into a concrete footing several feet below the ground level, and comprising in combination an upper portion fabricated for direct connection to the tower leg in predetermined alignment therewith, a lower portion having the flanges of the angle crimped. for engagement with a bulbous concrete anchorage footing, and a straight intermediate shank portion.

8. A ground anchorage comprising 'in combination a cementitious filling in a hole of narrow throat and bulged bottom, and an anchor member of substantially uniform cross section embedded therein and provided with projections, the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the latter not exceeding substantially that of the remainder of the -embedded port-ion.

- 9. A ground anchorage comprising in combination a cementitious filling in a hole of narrow throat and bulged bottom, and an anchor member of substantially angular cross section embedded therein and provided with projections, the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the latter not exceeding substantially that of the remainder of the embedded portion. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

ADOLPH w. MALONE. 

